B\-mabi=gnu\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mabi=gnu" .PD Generate code that passes function parameters and return values that (in the called function) are seen as registers \f(CW$0\fR and up, as opposed to the \s-1GNU\s0 \s-1ABI\s0 which uses global registers \f(CW$231\fR and up. .IP "\fB\-mzero\-extend\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mzero-extend" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-zero\-extend\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-zero-extend" .PD When reading data from memory in sizes shorter than 64 bits, use (do not use) zero-extending load instructions by default, rather than sign-extending ones. .IP "\fB\-mknuthdiv\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mknuthdiv" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-knuthdiv\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-knuthdiv" .PD Make the result of a division yielding a remainder have the same sign as the divisor. With the default, \fB\-mno\-knuthdiv\fR, the sign of the remainder follows the sign of the dividend. Both methods are arithmetically valid, the latter being almost exclusively used. .IP "\fB\-mtoplevel\-symbols\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mtoplevel-symbols" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-toplevel\-symbols\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-toplevel-symbols" .PD Prepend (do not prepend) a \fB:\fR to all global symbols, so the assembly code can be used with the \f(CW\*(C`PREFIX\*(C'\fR assembly directive. .IP "\fB\-melf\fR" 4 .IX Item "-melf" Generate an executable in the \s-1ELF\s0 format, rather than the default \&\fBmmo\fR format used by the \fBmmix\fR simulator. .IP "\fB\-mbranch\-predict\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbranch-predict" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-branch\-predict\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-branch-predict" .PD Use (do not use) the probable-branch instructions, when static branch prediction indicates a probable branch. .IP "\fB\-mbase\-addresses\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbase-addresses" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-base\-addresses\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-base-addresses" .PD Generate (do not generate) code that uses \fIbase addresses\fR. Using a base address automatically generates a request (handled by the assembler and the linker) for a constant to be set up in a global register. The register is used for one or more base address requests within the range 0 to 255 from the value held in the register. The generally leads to short and fast code, but the number of different data items that can be addressed is limited. This means that a program that uses lots of static data may require \fB\-mno\-base\-addresses\fR. .IP "\fB\-msingle\-exit\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msingle-exit" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-single\-exit\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-single-exit" .PD Force (do not force) generated code to have a single exit point in each function. .PP \fI\s-1MN10300\s0 Options\fR .IX Subsection "MN10300 Options" .PP These \fB\-m\fR options are defined for Matsushita \s-1MN10300\s0 architectures: .IP "\fB\-mmult\-bug\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mmult-bug" Generate code to avoid bugs in the multiply instructions for the \s-1MN10300\s0 processors. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mno\-mult\-bug\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-mult-bug" Do not generate code to avoid bugs in the multiply instructions for the \&\s-1MN10300\s0 processors. .IP "\fB\-mam33\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mam33" Generate code which uses features specific to the \s-1AM33\s0 processor. .IP "\fB\-mno\-am33\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-am33" Do not generate code which uses features specific to the \s-1AM33\s0 processor. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mreturn\-pointer\-on\-d0\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mreturn-pointer-on-d0" When generating a function which returns a pointer, return the pointer in both \f(CW\*(C`a0\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`d0\*(C'\fR. Otherwise, the pointer is returned only in a0, and attempts to call such functions without a prototype would result in errors. Note that this option is on by default; use \&\fB\-mno\-return\-pointer\-on\-d0\fR to disable it. .IP "\fB\-mno\-crt0\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-crt0" Do not link in the C run-time initialization object file. .IP "\fB\-mrelax\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mrelax" Indicate to the linker that it should perform a relaxation optimization pass to shorten branches, calls and absolute memory addresses. This option only has an effect when used on the command line for the final link step. .Sp This option makes symbolic debugging impossible. .PP \fI\s-1MT\s0 Options\fR .IX Subsection "MT Options" .PP These \fB\-m\fR options are defined for Morpho \s-1MT\s0 architectures: .IP "\fB\-march=\fR\fIcpu-type\fR" 4 .IX Item "-march=cpu-type" Generate code that will run on \fIcpu-type\fR, which is the name of a system representing a certain processor type. Possible values for \&\fIcpu-type\fR are \fBms1\-64\-001\fR, \fBms1\-16\-002\fR, \&\fBms1\-16\-003\fR and \fBms2\fR. .Sp When this option is not used, the default is \fB\-march=ms1\-16\-002\fR. .IP "\fB\-mbacc\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbacc" Use byte loads and stores when generating code. .IP "\fB\-mno\-bacc\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-bacc" Do not use byte loads and stores when generating code. .IP "\fB\-msim\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msim" Use simulator runtime .IP "\fB\-mno\-crt0\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-crt0" Do not link in the C run-time initialization object file \&\fIcrti.o\fR. Other run-time initialization and termination files such as \fIstartup.o\fR and \fIexit.o\fR are still included on the linker command line. .PP \fI\s-1PDP\-11\s0 Options\fR .IX Subsection "PDP-11 Options" .PP These options are defined for the \s-1PDP\-11:\s0 .IP "\fB\-mfpu\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mfpu" Use hardware \s-1FPP\s0 floating point. This is the default. (\s-1FIS\s0 floating point on the \s-1PDP\-11/40\s0 is not supported.) .IP "\fB\-msoft\-float\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msoft-float" Do not use hardware floating point. .IP "\fB\-mac0\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mac0" Return floating-point results in ac0 (fr0 in Unix assembler syntax). .IP "\fB\-mno\-ac0\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-ac0" Return floating-point results in memory. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-m40\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m40" Generate code for a \s-1PDP\-11/40\s0. .IP "\fB\-m45\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m45" Generate code for a \s-1PDP\-11/45\s0. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-m10\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m10" Generate code for a \s-1PDP\-11/10\s0. .IP "\fB\-mbcopy\-builtin\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbcopy-builtin" Use inline \f(CW\*(C`movmemhi\*(C'\fR patterns for copying memory. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mbcopy\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbcopy" Do not use inline \f(CW\*(C`movmemhi\*(C'\fR patterns for copying memory. .IP "\fB\-mint16\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mint16" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-int32\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-int32" .PD Use 16\-bit \f(CW\*(C`int\*(C'\fR. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mint32\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mint32" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-int16\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-int16" .PD Use 32\-bit \f(CW\*(C`int\*(C'\fR. .IP "\fB\-mfloat64\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mfloat64" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-float32\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-float32" .PD Use 64\-bit \f(CW\*(C`float\*(C'\fR. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mfloat32\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mfloat32" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-float64\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-float64" .PD Use 32\-bit \f(CW\*(C`float\*(C'\fR. .IP "\fB\-mabshi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mabshi" Use \f(CW\*(C`abshi2\*(C'\fR pattern. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mno\-abshi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-abshi" Do not use \f(CW\*(C`abshi2\*(C'\fR pattern. .IP "\fB\-mbranch\-expensive\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbranch-expensive" Pretend that branches are expensive. This is for experimenting with code generation only. .IP "\fB\-mbranch\-cheap\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbranch-cheap" Do not pretend that branches are expensive. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-msplit\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msplit" Generate code for a system with split I&D. .IP "\fB\-mno\-split\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-split" Generate code for a system without split I&D. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-munix\-asm\fR" 4 .IX Item "-munix-asm" Use Unix assembler syntax. This is the default when configured for \&\fBpdp11\-*\-bsd\fR. .IP "\fB\-mdec\-asm\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mdec-asm" Use \s-1DEC\s0 assembler syntax. This is the default when configured for any \&\s-1PDP\-11\s0 target other than \fBpdp11\-*\-bsd\fR. .PP \fIPowerPC Options\fR .IX Subsection "PowerPC Options" .PP These are listed under .PP \fI\s-1IBM\s0 \s-1RS/6000\s0 and PowerPC Options\fR .IX Subsection "IBM RS/6000 and PowerPC Options" .PP These \fB\-m\fR options are defined for the \s-1IBM\s0 \s-1RS/6000\s0 and PowerPC: .IP "\fB\-mpower\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mpower" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-ÉbÊbËbÌbÍbÎbÏbÐbÑbÒbÓbÔbÕbÖb×bØbÙbÚbÛbÜbÝbÞbßbàbábâbãbäbåbæbçbèbébêbëbìbíbîbïbðbñbòbóbôbõböb÷bøbùbúbûbübýbþbÿbccccccccc c c c c ccccccccccccccccccc c!c"c#c$c%c&c'c(c)c*c+c,c-c.c/c0c1c2c3c4c5c6c7c8c9c:c;c= \fInumber\fR is costly. .IP "\fB\-minsert\-sched\-nops=\fR\fIscheme\fR" 4 .IX Item "-minsert-sched-nops=scheme" This option controls which nop insertion scheme will be used during the second scheduling pass. The argument \fIscheme\fR takes one of the following values: \&\fIno\fR: Don't insert nops. \&\fIpad\fR: Pad with nops any dispatch group which has vacant issue slots, according to the scheduler's grouping. \&\fIregroup_exact\fR: Insert nops to force costly dependent insns into separate groups. Insert exactly as many nops as needed to force an insn to a new group, according to the estimated processor grouping. \&\fInumber\fR: Insert nops to force costly dependent insns into separate groups. Insert \fInumber\fR nops to force an insn to a new group. .IP "\fB\-mcall\-sysv\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mcall-sysv" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code using calling conventions that adheres to the March 1995 draft of the System V Application Binary Interface, PowerPC processor supplement. This is the default unless you configured \s-1GCC\s0 using \fBpowerpc\-*\-eabiaix\fR. .IP "\fB\-mcall\-sysv\-eabi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mcall-sysv-eabi" Specify both \fB\-mcall\-sysv\fR and \fB\-meabi\fR options. .IP "\fB\-mcall\-sysv\-noeabi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mcall-sysv-noeabi" Specify both \fB\-mcall\-sysv\fR and \fB\-mno\-eabi\fR options. .IP "\fB\-mcall\-solaris\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mcall-solaris" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the Solaris operating system. .IP "\fB\-mcall\-linux\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mcall-linux" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the Linux-based \s-1GNU\s0 system. .IP "\fB\-mcall\-gnu\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mcall-gnu" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the Hurd-based \s-1GNU\s0 system. .IP "\fB\-mcall\-netbsd\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mcall-netbsd" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the NetBSD operating system. .IP "\fB\-maix\-struct\-return\fR" 4 .IX Item "-maix-struct-return" Return all structures in memory (as specified by the \s-1AIX\s0 \s-1ABI\s0). .IP "\fB\-msvr4\-struct\-return\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msvr4-struct-return" Return structures smaller than 8 bytes in registers (as specified by the \&\s-1SVR4\s0 \s-1ABI\s0). .IP "\fB\-mabi=\fR\fIabi-type\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mabi=abi-type" Extend the current \s-1ABI\s0 with a particular extension, or remove such extension. Valid values are \fIaltivec\fR, \fIno-altivec\fR, \fIspe\fR, \&\fIno-spe\fR, \fIibmlongdouble\fR, \fIieeelongdouble\fR. .IP "\fB\-mabi=spe\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mabi=spe" Extend the current \s-1ABI\s0 with \s-1SPE\s0 \s-1ABI\s0 extensions. This does not change the default \s-1ABI\s0, instead it adds the \s-1SPE\s0 \s-1ABI\s0 extensions to the current \&\s-1ABI\s0. .IP "\fB\-mabi=no\-spe\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mabi=no-spe" Disable Booke \s-1SPE\s0 \s-1ABI\s0 extensions for the current \s-1ABI\s0. .IP "\fB\-mabi=ibmlongdouble\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mabi=ibmlongdouble" Change the current \s-1ABI\s0 to use \s-1IBM\s0 extended precision long double. This is a PowerPC 32\-bit \s-1SYSV\s0 \s-1ABI\s0 option. .IP "\fB\-mabi=ieeelongdouble\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mabi=ieeelongdouble" Change the current \s-1ABI\s0 to use \s-1IEEE\s0 extended precision long double. This is a PowerPC 32\-bit Linux \s-1ABI\s0 option. .IP "\fB\-mprototype\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mprototype" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-prototype\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-prototype" .PD On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems assume that all calls to variable argument functions are properly prototyped. Otherwise, the compiler must insert an instruction before every non prototyped call to set or clear bit 6 of the condition code register (\fI\s-1CR\s0\fR) to indicate whether floating point values were passed in the floating point registers in case the function takes a variable arguments. With \&\fB\-mprototype\fR, only calls to prototyped variable argument functions will set or clear the bit. .IP "\fB\-msim\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msim" On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is called \&\fIsim\-crt0.o\fR and that the standard C libraries are \fIlibsim.a\fR and \&\fIlibc.a\fR. This is the default for \fBpowerpc\-*\-eabisim\fR configurations. .IP "\fB\-mmvme\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mmvme" On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is called \&\fIcrt0.o\fR and the standard C libraries are \fIlibmvme.a\fR and \&\fIlibc.a\fR. .IP "\fB\-mads\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mads" On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is called \&\fIcrt0.o\fR and the standard C libraries are \fIlibads.a\fR and \&\fIlibc.a\fR. .IP "\fB\-myellowknife\fR" 4 .IX Item "-myellowknife" On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is called \&\fIcrt0.o\fR and the standard C libraries are \fIlibyk.a\fR and \&\fIlibc.a\fR. .IP "\fB\-mvxworks\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mvxworks" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, specify that you are compiling for a VxWorks system. .IP "\fB\-mwindiss\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mwindiss" Specify that you are compiling for the WindISS simulation environment. .IP "\fB\-memb\fR" 4 .IX Item "-memb" On embedded PowerPC systems, set the \fI\s-1PPC_EMB\s0\fR bit in the \s-1ELF\s0 flags header to indicate that \fBeabi\fR extended relocations are used. .IP "\fB\-meabi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-meabi" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-eabi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-eabi" .PD On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems do (do not) adhere to the Embedded Applications Binary Interface (eabi) which is a set of modifications to the System V.4 specifications. Selecting \fB\-meabi\fR means that the stack is aligned to an 8 byte boundary, a function \&\f(CW\*(C`_\|_eabi\*(C'\fR is called to from \f(CW\*(C`main\*(C'\fR to set up the eabi environment, and the \fB\-msdata\fR option can use both \f(CW\*(C`r2\*(C'\fR and \&\f(CW\*(C`r13\*(C'\fR to point to two separate small data areas. Selecting \&\fB\-mno\-eabi\fR means that the stack is aligned to a 16 byte boundary, do not call an initialization function from \f(CW\*(C`main\*(C'\fR, and the \&\fB\-msdata\fR option will only use \f(CW\*(C`r13\*(C'\fR to point to a single small data area. The \fB\-meabi\fR option is on by default if you configured \s-1GCC\s0 using one of the \fBpowerpc*\-*\-eabi*\fR options. .IP "\fB\-msdata=eabi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msdata=eabi" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, put small initialized \&\f(CW\*(C`const\*(C'\fR global and static data in the \fB.sdata2\fR section, which is pointed to by register \f(CW\*(C`r2\*(C'\fR. Put small initialized non\-\f(CW\*(C`const\*(C'\fR global and static data in the \fB.sdata\fR section, which is pointed to by register \f(CW\*(C`r13\*(C'\fR. Put small uninitialized global and static data in the \fB.sbss\fR section, which is adjacent to the \fB.sdata\fR section. The \fB\-msdata=eabi\fR option is incompatible with the \fB\-mrelocatable\fR option. The \&\fB\-msdata=eabi\fR option also sets the \fB\-memb\fR option. .IP "\fB\-msdata=sysv\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msdata=sysv" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, put small global and static data in the \fB.sdata\fR section, which is pointed to by register \&\f(CW\*(C`r13\*(C'\fR. Put small uninitialized global and static data in the \&\fB.sbss\fR section, which is adjacent to the \fB.sdata\fR section. The \fB\-msdata=sysv\fR option is incompatible with the \&\fB\-mrelocatable\fR option. .IP "\fB\-msdata=default\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msdata=default" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-msdata\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msdata" .PD On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, if \fB\-meabi\fR is used, compile code the same as \fB\-msdata=eabi\fR, otherwise compile code the same as \fB\-msdata=sysv\fR. .IP "\fB\-msdata\-data\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msdata-data" On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, put small global data in the \fB.sdata\fR section. Put small uninitialized global data in the \fB.sbss\fR section. Do not use register \f(CW\*(C`r13\*(C'\fR to address small data however. This is the default behavior unless other \fB\-msdata\fR options are used. .IP "\fB\-msdata=none\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msdata=none" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-sdata\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-sdata" .PD On embedded PowerPC systems, put all initialized global and static data in the \fB.data\fR section, and all uninitialized data in the \&\fB.bss\fR section. .IP "\fB\-G\fR \fInum\fR" 4 .IX Item "-G num" On embedded PowerPC systems, put global and static items less than or equal to \fInum\fR bytes into the small data or bss sections instead of the normal data or bss section. By default, \fInum\fR is 8. The \&\fB\-G\fR \fInum\fR switch is also passed to the linker. All modules should be compiled with the same \fB\-G\fR \fInum\fR value. .IP "\fB\-mregnames\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mregnames" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-regnames\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-regnames" .PD On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems do (do not) emit register names in the assembly language output using symbolic forms. .IP "\fB\-mlongcall\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mlongcall" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-longcall\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-longcall" .PD By default assume that all calls are far away so that a longer more expensive calling sequence is required. This is required for calls further than 32 megabytes (33,554,432 bytes) from the current location. A short call will be generated if the compiler knows the call cannot be that far away. This setting can be overridden by the \f(CW\*(C`shortcall\*(C'\fR function attribute, or by \f(CW\*(C`#pragma longcall(0)\*(C'\fR. .Sp Some linkers are capable of detecting out-of-range calls and generating glue code on the fly. On these systems, long calls are unnecessary and generate slower code. As of this writing, the \s-1AIX\s0 linker can do this, as can the \s-1GNU\s0 linker for PowerPC/64. It is planned to add this feature to the \s-1GNU\s0 linker for 32\-bit PowerPC systems as well. .Sp On Darwin/PPC systems, \f(CW\*(C`#pragma longcall\*(C'\fR will generate \*(L"jbsr callee, L42\*(R", plus a \*(L"branch island\*(R" (glue code). The two target addresses represent the callee and the \*(L"branch island\*(R". The Darwin/PPC linker will prefer the first address and generate a \*(L"bl callee\*(R" if the \s-1PPC\s0 \*(L"bl\*(R" instruction will reach the callee directly; otherwise, the linker will generate \*(L"bl L42\*(R" to call the \*(L"branch island\*(R". The \*(L"branch island\*(R" is appended to the body of the calling function; it computes the full 32\-bit address of the callee and jumps to it. .Sp On Mach-O (Darwin) systems, this option directs the compiler emit to the glue for every direct call, and the Darwin linker decides whether to use or discard it. .Sp In the future, we may cause \s-1GCC\s0 to ignore all longcall specifications when the linker is known to generate glue. .IP "\fB\-pthread\fR" 4 .IX Item "-pthread" Adds support for multithreading with the \fIpthreads\fR library. This option sets flags for both the preprocessor and linker. .PP \fIS/390 and zSeries Options\fR .IX Subsection "S/390 and zSeries Options" .PP These are the \fB\-m\fR options defined for the S/390 and zSeries architecture. .IP "\fB\-mhard\-float\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mhard-float" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-msoft\-float\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msoft-float" .PD Use (do not use) the hardware floating-point instructions and registers for floating-point operations. When \fB\-msoft\-float\fR is specified, functions in \fIlibgcc.a\fR will be used to perform floating-point operations. When \fB\-mhard\-float\fR is specified, the compiler generates \s-1IEEE\s0 floating-point instructions. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mhard\-dfp\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mhard-dfp" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-hard\-dfp\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-hard-dfp" .PD Use (do not use) the hardware decimal-floating-point instructions for decimal-floating-point operations. When \fB\-mno\-hard\-dfp\fR is specified, functions in \fIlibgcc.a\fR will be used to perform decimal-floating-point operations. When \fB\-mhard\-dfp\fR is specified, the compiler generates decimal-floating-point hardware instructions. This is the default for \fB\-march=z9\-ec\fR or higher. .IP "\fB\-mlong\-double\-64\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mlong-double-64" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mlong\-double\-128\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mlong-double-128" .PD These switches control the size of \f(CW\*(C`long double\*(C'\fR type. A size of 64bit makes the \f(CW\*(C`long double\*(C'\fR type equivalent to the \f(CW\*(C`double\*(C'\fR type. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mbackchain\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbackchain" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-backchain\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-backchain" .PD Store (do not store) the address of the caller's frame as backchain pointer into the callee's stack frame. A backchain may be needed to allow debugging using tools that do not understand \&\s-1DWARF\-2\s0 call frame information. When \fB\-mno\-packed\-stack\fR is in effect, the backchain pointer is stored at the bottom of the stack frame; when \fB\-mpacked\-stack\fR is in effect, the backchain is placed into the topmost word of the 96/160 byte register save area. .Sp In general, code compiled with \fB\-mbackchain\fR is call-compatible with code compiled with \fB\-mmo\-backchain\fR; however, use of the backchain for debugging purposes usually requires that the whole binary is built with \&\fB\-mbackchain\fR. Note that the combination of \fB\-mbackchain\fR, \&\fB\-mpacked\-stack\fR and \fB\-mhard\-float\fR is not supported. In order to build a linux kernel use \fB\-msoft\-float\fR. .Sp The default is to not maintain the backchain. .IP "\fB\-mpacked\-stack\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mpacked-stack" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-packed\-stack\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-packed-stack" .PD Use (do not use) the packed stack layout. When \fB\-mno\-packed\-stack\fR is specified, the compiler uses the all fields of the 96/160 byte register save area only for their default purpose; unused fields still take up stack space. When \fB\-mpacked\-stack\fR is specified, register save slots are densely packed at the top of the register save area; unused space is reused for other purposes, allowing for more efficient use of the available stack space. However, when \fB\-mbackchain\fR is also in effect, the topmost word of the save area is always used to store the backchain, and the return address register is always saved two words below the backchain. .Sp As long as the stack frame backchain is not used, code generated with \&\fB\-mpacked\-stack\fR is call-compatible with code generated with \&\fB\-mno\-packed\-stack\fR. Note that some non-FSF releases of \s-1GCC\s0 2.95 for S/390 or zSeries generated code that uses the stack frame backchain at run time, not just for debugging purposes. Such code is not call-compatible with code compiled with \fB\-mpacked\-stack\fR. Also, note that the combination of \fB\-mbackchain\fR, \&\fB\-mpacked\-stack\fR and \fB\-mhard\-float\fR is not supported. In order to build a linux kernel use \fB\-msoft\-float\fR. .Sp The default is to not use the packed stack layout. .IP "\fB\-msmall\-exec\fR" 4 .IX Item "-msmall-exec" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-small\-exec\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-small-exec" .PD Generate (or do not generate) code using the \f(CW\*(C`bras\*(C'\fR instruction to do subroutine calls. This only works reliably if the total executable size does not exceed 64k. The default is to use the \f(CW\*(C`basr\*(C'\fR instruction instead, which does not have this limitation. .IP "\fB\-m64\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m64" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-m31\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m31" .PD When \fB\-m31\fR is specified, generate code compliant to the GNU/Linux for S/390 \s-1ABI\s0. When \fB\-m64\fR is specified, generate code compliant to the GNU/Linux for zSeries \s-1ABI\s0. This allows \s-1GCC\s0 in particular to generate 64\-bit instructions. For the \fBs390\fR targets, the default is \fB\-m31\fR, while the \fBs390x\fR targets default to \fB\-m64\fR. .IP "\fB\-mzarch\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mzarch" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mesa\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mesa" .PD When \fB\-mzarch\fR is specified, generate code using the instructions available on z/Architecture. When \fB\-mesa\fR is specified, generate code using the instructions available on \s-1ESA/390\s0. Note that \fB\-mesa\fR is not possible with \fB\-m64\fR. When generating code compliant to the GNU/Linux for S/390 \s-1ABI\s0, the default is \fB\-mesa\fR. When generating code compliant to the GNU/Linux for zSeries \s-1ABI\s0, the default is \fB\-mzarch\fR. .IP "\fB\-mmvcle\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mmvcle" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-mvcle\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-mvcle" .PD Generate (or do not generate) code using the \f(CW\*(C`mvcle\*(C'\fR instruction to perform block moves. When \fB\-mno\-mvcle\fR is specified, use a \f(CW\*(C`mvc\*(C'\fR loop instead. This is the default unless optimizing for size. .IP "\fB\-mdebug\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mdebug" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-debug\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-debug" .PD Print (or do not print) additional debug information when compiling. The default is to not print debug information. .IP "\fB\-march=\fR\fIcpu-type\fR" 4 .IX Item "-march=cpu-type" Generate code that will run on \fIcpu-type\fR, which is the name of a system representing a certain processor type. Possible values for \&\fIcpu-type\fR are \fBg5\fR, \fBg6\fR, \fBz900\fR, \fBz990\fR, \&\fBz9\-109\fR and \fBz9\-ec\fR. When generating code using the instructions available on z/Architecture, the default is \fB\-march=z900\fR. Otherwise, the default is \&\fB\-march=g5\fR. .IP "\fB\-mtune=\fR\fIcpu-type\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mtune=cpu-type" Tune to \fIcpu-type\fR everything applicable about the generated code, except for the \s-1ABI\s0 and the set of available instructions. The list of \fIcpu-type\fR values is the same as for \fB\-march\fR. The default is the value used for \fB\-march\fR. .IP "\fB\-mtpf\-trace\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mtpf-trace" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-tpf\-trace\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-tpf-trace" .PD Generate code that adds (does not add) in \s-1TPF\s0 \s-1OS\s0 specific branches to trace routines in the operating system. This option is off by default, even when compiling for the \s-1TPF\s0 \s-1OS\s0. .IP "\fB\-mfused\-madd\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mfused-madd" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-fused\-madd\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-fused-madd" .PD Generate code that uses (does not use) the floating point multiply and accumulate instructions. These instructions are generated by default if hardware floating point is used. .IP "\fB\-mwarn\-framesize=\fR\fIframesize\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mwarn-framesize=framesize" Emit a warning if the current function exceeds the given frame size. Because this is a compile time check it doesn't need to be a real problem when the program runs. It is intended to identify functions which most probably cause a stack overflow. It is useful to be used in an environment with limited stack size e.g. the linux kernel. .IP "\fB\-mwarn\-dynamicstack\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mwarn-dynamicstack" Emit a warning if the function calls alloca or uses dynamically sized arrays. This is generally a bad idea with a limited stack size. .IP "\fB\-mstack\-guard=\fR\fIstack-guard\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mstack-guard=stack-guard" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mstack\-size=\fR\fIstack-size\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mstack-size=stack-size" .PD If these options are provided the s390 back end emits additional instructions in the function prologue which trigger a trap if the stack size is \fIstack-guard\fR bytes above the \fIstack-size\fR (remember that the stack on s390 grows downward). If the \fIstack-guard\fR option is omitted the smallest power of 2 larger than the frame size of the compiled function is chosen. These options are intended to be used to help debugging stack overflow problems. The additionally emitted code causes only little overhead and hence can also be used in production like systems without greater performance degradation. The given values have to be exact powers of 2 and \fIstack-size\fR has to be greater than \&\fIstack-guard\fR without exceeding 64k. In order to be efficient the extra code makes the assumption that the stack starts at an address aligned to the value given by \fIstack-size\fR. The \fIstack-guard\fR option can only be used in conjunction with \fIstack-size\fR. .PP \fIScore Options\fR .IX Subsection "Score Options" .PP These options are defined for Score implementations: .IP "\fB\-meb\fR" 4 .IX Item "-meb" Compile code for big endian mode. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mel\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mel" Compile code for little endian mode. .IP "\fB\-mnhwloop\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mnhwloop" Disable generate bcnz instruction. .IP "\fB\-muls\fR" 4 .IX Item "-muls" Enable generate unaligned load and store instruction. .IP "\fB\-mmac\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mmac" Enable the use of multiply-accumulate instructions. Disabled by default. .IP "\fB\-mscore5\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mscore5" Specify the \s-1SCORE5\s0 as the target architecture. .IP "\fB\-mscore5u\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mscore5u" Specify the \s-1SCORE5U\s0 of the target architecture. .IP "\fB\-mscore7\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mscore7" Specify the \s-1SCORE7\s0 as the target architecture. This is the default. .IP "\fB\-mscore7d\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mscore7d" Specify the \s-1SCORE7D\s0 as the target architecture. .PP \fI\s-1SH\s0 Options\fR .IX Subsection "SH Options" .PP These \fB\-m\fR options are defined for the \s-1SH\s0 implementations: .IP "\fB\-m1\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m1" Generate code for the \s-1SH1\s0. .IP "\fB\-m2\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m2" Generate code for the \s-1SH2\s0. .IP "\fB\-m2e\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m2e" Generate code for the SH2e. .IP "\fB\-m3\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m3" Generate code for the \s-1SH3\s0. .IP "\fB\-m3e\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m3e" Generate code for the SH3e. .IP "\fB\-m4\-nofpu\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4-nofpu" Generate code for the \s-1SH4\s0 without a floating-point unit. .IP "\fB\-m4\-single\-only\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4-single-only" Generate code for the \s-1SH4\s0 with a floating-point unit that only supports single-precision arithmetic. .IP "\fB\-m4\-single\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4-single" Generate code for the \s-1SH4\s0 assuming the floating-point unit is in single-precision mode by default. .IP "\fB\-m4\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4" Generate code for the \s-1SH4\s0. .IP "\fB\-m4a\-nofpu\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4a-nofpu" Generate code for the SH4al\-dsp, or for a SH4a in such a way that the floating-point unit is not used. .IP "\fB\-m4a\-single\-only\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4a-single-only" Generate code for the SH4a, in such a way that no double-precision floating point operations are used. .IP "\fB\-m4a\-single\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4a-single" Generate code for the SH4a assuming the floating-point unit is in single-precision mode by default. .IP "\fB\-m4a\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4a" Generate code for the SH4a. .IP "\fB\-m4al\fR" 4 .IX Item "-m4al" Same as \fB\-m4a\-nofpu\fR, except that it implicitly passes \&\fB\-dsp\fR to the assembler. \s-1GCC\s0 doesn't generate any \s-1DSP\s0 instructions at the moment. .IP "\fB\-mb\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mb" Compile code for the processor in big endian mode. .IP "\fB\-ml\fR" 4 .IX Item "-ml" Compile code for the processor in little endian mode. .IP "\fB\-mdalign\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mdalign" Align doubles at 64\-bit boundaries. Note that this changes the calling conventions, and thus some functions from the standard C library will not work unless you recompile it first with \fB\-mdalign\fR. .IP "\fB\-mrelax\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mrelax" Shorten some address references at link time, when possible; uses the linker option \fB\-relax\fR. .IP "\fB\-mbigtable\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mbigtable" Use 32\-bit offsets in \f(CW\*(C`switch\*(C'\fR tables. The default is to use 16\-bit offsets. .IP "\fB\-mfmovd\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mfmovd" Enable the use of the instruction \f(CW\*(C`fmovd\*(C'\fR. .IP "\fB\-mhitachi\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mhitachi" Comply with the calling conventions defined by Renesas. .IP "\fB\-mrenesas\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mrenesas" Comply with the calling conventions defined by Renesas. .IP "\fB\-mno\-renesas\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-renesas" Comply with the calling conventions defined for \s-1GCC\s0 before the Renesas conventions were available. This option is the default for all targets of the \s-1SH\s0 toolchain except for \fBsh-symbianelf\fR. .IP "\fB\-mnomacsave\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mnomacsave" Mark the \f(CW\*(C`MAC\*(C'\fR register as call-clobbered, even if \&\fB\-mhitachi\fR is given. .IP "\fB\-mieee\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mieee" Increase IEEE-compliance of floating-point code. At the moment, this is equivalent to \fB\-fno\-finite\-math\-only\fR. When generating 16 bit \s-1SH\s0 opcodes, getting IEEE-conforming results for comparisons of NANs / infinities incurs extra overhead in every floating point comparison, therefore the default is set to \&\fB\-ffinite\-math\-only\fR. .IP "\fB\-minline\-ic_invalidate\fR" 4 .IX Item "-minline-ic_invalidate" Inline code to invalidate instruction cache entries after setting up nested function trampolines. This option has no effect if \-musermode is in effect and the selected code generation option (e.g. \-m4) does not allow the use of the icbi instruction. If the selected code generation option does not allow the use of the icbi instruction, and \-musermode is not in effect, the inlined code will manipulate the instruction cache address array directly with an associative write. This not only requires privileged mode, but it will also fail if the cache line had been mapped via the \s-1TLB\s0 and has become unmapped. .IP "\fB\-misize\fR" 4 .IX Item "-misize" Dump instruction size and location in the assembly code. .IP "\fB\-mpadstruct\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mpadstruct" This option is deprecated. It pads structures to multiple of 4 bytes, which is incompatible with the \s-1SH\s0 \s-1ABI\s0. .IP "\fB\-mspace\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mspace" Optimize for space instead of speed. Implied by \fB\-Os\fR. .IP "\fB\-mprefergot\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mprefergot" When generating position-independent code, emit function calls using the Global Offset Table instead of the Procedure Linkage Table. .IP "\fB\-musermode\fR" 4 .IX Item "-musermode" Don't generate privileged mode only code; implies \-mno\-inline\-ic_invalidate if the inlined code would not work in user mode. This is the default when the target is \f(CW\*(C`sh\-*\-linux*\*(C'\fR. .IP "\fB\-multcost=\fR\fInumber\fR" 4 .IX Item "-multcost=number" Set the cost to assume for a multiply insn. .IP "\fB\-mdiv=\fR\fIstrategy\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mdiv=strategy" Set the division strategy to use for SHmedia code. \fIstrategy\fR must be one of: call, call2, fp, inv, inv:minlat, inv20u, inv20l, inv:call, inv:call2, inv:fp . \&\*(L"fp\*(R" performs the operation in floating point. This has a very high latency, but needs only a few instructions, so it might be a good choice if your code has enough easily exploitable \s-1ILP\s0 to allow the compiler to schedule the floating point instructions together with other instructions. Division by zero causes a floating point exception. \&\*(L"inv\*(R" uses integer operations to calculate the inverse of the divisor, and then multiplies the dividend with the inverse. This strategy allows cse and hoisting of the inverse calculation. Division by zero calculates an unspecified result, but does not trap. \&\*(L"inv:minlat\*(R" is a variant of \*(L"inv\*(R" where if no cse / hoisting opportunities have been found, or if the entire operation has been hoisted to the same place, the last stages of the inverse calculation are intertwined with the final multiply to reduce the overall latency, at the expense of using a few more instructions, and thus offering fewer scheduling opportunities with other code. \&\*(L"call\*(R" calls a library function that usually implements the inv:minlat strategy. This gives high code density for m5\-*media\-nofpu compilations. \&\*(L"call2\*(R" uses a different entry point of the same library function, where it assumes that a pointer to a lookup table has already been set up, which exposes the pointer load to cse / code hoisting optimizations. \&\*(L"inv:call\*(R", \*(L"inv:call2\*(R" and \*(L"inv:fp\*(R" all use the \*(L"inv\*(R" algorithm for initial code generation, but if the code stays unoptimized, revert to the \*(L"call\*(R", \&\*(L"call2\*(R", or \*(L"fp\*(R" strategies, respectively. Note that the potentially-trapping side effect of division by zero is carried by a separate instruction, so it is possible that all the integer instructions are hoisted out, but the marker for the side effect stays where it is. A recombination to fp operations or a call is not possible in that case. \&\*(L"inv20u\*(R" and \*(L"inv20l\*(R" are variants of the \*(L"inv:minlat\*(R" strategy. In the case that the inverse calculation was nor separated from the multiply, they speed up division where the dividend fits into 20 bits (plus sign where applicable), by inserting a test to skip a number of operations in this case; this test slows down the case of larger dividends. inv20u assumes the case of a such a small dividend to be unlikely, and inv20l assumes it to be likely. .IP "\fB\-mdivsi3_libfunc=\fR\fIname\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mdivsi3_libfunc=name" Set the name of the library function used for 32 bit signed division to \&\fIname\fR. This only affect the name used in the call and inv:call division strategies, and the compiler will still expect the same sets of input/output/clobbered registers as if this option was not present. .IP "\fB\-madjust\-unroll\fR" 4 .IX Item "-madjust-unroll" Throttle unrolling to avoid thrashing target registers. This option only has an effect if the gcc code base supports the \&\s-1TARGET_ADJUST_UNROLL_MAX\s0 target hook. .IP "\fB\-mindexed\-addressing\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mindexed-addressing" Enable the use of the indexed addressing mode for SHmedia32/SHcompact. This is only safe if the hardware and/or \s-1OS\s0 implement 32 bit wrap-around semantics for the indexed addressing mode. The architecture allows the implementation of processors with 64 bit \s-1MMU\s0, which the \s-1OS\s0 could use to get 32 bit addressing, but since no current hardware implementation supports this or any other way to make the indexed addressing mode safe to use in the 32 bit \s-1ABI\s0, the default is \-mno\-indexed\-addressing. .IP "\fB\-mgettrcost=\fR\fInumber\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mgettrcost=number" Set the cost assumed for the gettr instruction to \fInumber\fR. The default is 2 if \fB\-mpt\-fixed\fR is in effect, 100 otherwise. .IP "\fB\-mpt\-fixed\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mpt-fixed" Assume pt* instructions won't trap. This will generally generate better scheduled code, but is unsafe on current hardware. The current architecture definition says that ptabs and ptrel trap when the target anded with 3 is 3. This has the unintentional effect of making it unsafe to schedule ptabs / ptrel before a branch, or hoist it out of a loop. For example, _\|_do_global_ctors, a part of libgcc that runs constructors at program startup, calls functions in a list which is delimited by \-1. With the \&\-mpt\-fixed option, the ptabs will be done before testing against \-1. That means that all the constructors will be run a bit quicker, but when the loop comes to the end of the list, the program crashes because ptabs loads \-1 into a target register. Since this option is unsafe for any hardware implementing the current architecture specification, the default is \-mno\-pt\-fixed. Unless the user specifies a specific cost with \&\fB\-mgettrcost\fR, \-mno\-pt\-fixed also implies \fB\-mgettrcost=100\fR; this deters register allocation using target registers for storing ordinary integers. .IP "\fB\-minvalid\-symbols\fR" 4 .IX Item "-minvalid-symbols" Assume symbols might be invalid. Ordinary function symbols generated by the compiler will always be valid to load with movi/shori/ptabs or movi/shori/ptrel, but with assembler and/or linker tricks it is possible to generate symbols that will cause ptabs / ptrel to trap. This option is only meaningful when \fB\-mno\-pt\-fixed\fR is in effect. It will then prevent cross-basic-block cse, hoisting and most scheduling of symbol loads. The default is \fB\-mno\-invalid\-symbols\fR. .PP \fI\s-1SPARC\s0 Options\fR .IX Subsection "SPARC Options" .PP These \fB\-m\fR options are supported on the \s-1SPARC:\s0 .IP "\fB\-mno\-app\-regs\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mno-app-regs" .PD 0 .IP "\fB\-mapp\-regs\fR" 4 .IX Item "-mapp-regs" .PD Specify \fB\-mapp\-regs\fR to generate output using the global registers 2 through 4, which the \s-1SPARC\s0 \s-1SVR4\s0 \s-1ABI\s0 reserves for applications. This is the default. .Sp To be fully \s-1SVR4\s0 \s