he archive, to the standard
     output file.  If the `v' modifier is specified, show the member
     name before copying its contents to standard output.

     If you specify no MEMBER arguments, all the files in the archive
     are printed.

`q'
     _Quick append_; Historically, add the files MEMBER... to the end of
     ARCHIVE, without checking for replacement.

     The modifiers `a', `b', and `i' do _not_ affect this operation;
     new members are always placed at the end of the archive.

     The modifier `v' makes `ar' list each file as it is appended.

     Since the point of this operation is speed, the archive's symbol
     table index is not updated, even if it already existed; you can
     use `ar s' or `ranlib' explicitly to update the symbol table index.

     However, too many different systems assume quick append rebuilds
     the index, so GNU `ar' implements `q' as a synonym for `r'.

`r'
     Insert the files MEMBER... into ARCHIVE (with _replacement_). This
     operation differs from `q' in that any previously existing members
     are deleted if their names match those being added.

     If one of the files named in MEMBER... does not exist, `ar'
     displays an error message, and leaves undisturbed any existing
     members of the archive matching that name.

     By default, new members are added at the end of the file; but you
     may use one of the modifiers `a', `b', or `i' to request placement
     relative to some existing member.

     The modifier `v' used with this operation elicits a line of output
     for each file inserted, along with one of the letters `a' or `r'
     to indicate whether the file was appended (no old member deleted)
     or replaced.

`s'
     Add an index to the archive, or update it if it already exists.
     Note this command is an exception to the rule that there can only
     be one command letter, as it is possible to use it as either a
     command or a modifier.  In either case it does the same thing.

`t'
     Display a _table_ listing the contents of ARCHIVE, or those of the
     files listed in MEMBER... that are present in the archive.
     Normally only the member name is shown; if you also want to see
     the modes (permissions), timestamp, owner, group, and size, you can
     request that by also specifying the `v' modifier.

     If you do not specify a MEMBER, all files in the archive are
     listed.

     If there is more than one file with the same name (say, `fie') in
     an archive (say `b.a'), `ar t b.a fie' lists only the first
     instance; to see them all, you must ask for a complete listing--in
     our example, `ar t b.a'.

`x'
     _Extract_ members (named MEMBER) from the archive.  You can use
     the `v' modifier with this operation, to request that `ar' list
     each name as it extracts it.

     If you do not specify a MEMBER, all files in the archive are
     extracted.

     Files cannot be extracted from a thin archive.


   A number of modifiers (MOD) may immediately follow the P keyletter,
to specify variations on an operation's behavior:

`a'
     Add new files _after_ an existing member of the archive.  If you
     use the modifier `a', the name of an existing archive member must
     be present as the RELPOS argument, before the ARCHIVE
     specification.

`b'
     Add new files _before_ an existing member of the archive.  If you
     use the modifier `b', the name of an existing archive member must
     be present as the RELPOS argument, before the ARCHIVE
     specification.  (same as `i').

`c'
     _Create_ the archive.  The specified ARCHIVE is always created if
     it did not exist, when you request an update.  But a warning is
     issued unless you specify in advance that you expect to create it,
     by using this modifier.

`D'
     Operate in _deterministic_ mode.  When adding files and the archive
     index use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, and use consistent file
     modes for all files.  When this option is used, if `ar' is used
     with identical options and identical input files, multiple runs…  †  ‡  ˆ  ‰  Š  ‹  Œ    Ž      ‘  ’  “  ”  •  –  —  ˜  ™  š  ›  œ    ž  Ÿ     ¡  ¢  £  ¤  ¥  ¦  §  ¨  ©  ª  «  ¬  ­  ®  ¯  °  ±  ²  ³  ´  µ  ¶  ·  ¸  ¹  º  »  ¼  ½  ¾  ¿  À  Á  Â  Ã  Ä  Å  Æ  Ç  È  É  Ê  Ë  Ì  Í  Î  Ï  Ð  Ñ  Ò  Ó  Ô  Õ  Ö  ×  Ø  Ù  Ú  Û  Ü  Ý  Þ  ß  à  á  â  ã  ä  å  æ  ç  è  é  ê  ë  ì  í  î  ï  ð  ñ  ò  ó  ô  õ  ö  ÷  ø  ù  ú  û  ü  ý  þ  ÿ                     	  
                                               !  "  #  $  %  &  '  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  /  0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
     will create identical output files regardless of the input files'
     owners, groups, file modes, or modification times.

`f'
     Truncate names in the archive.  GNU `ar' will normally permit file
     names of any length.  This will cause it to create archives which
     are not compatible with the native `ar' program on some systems.
     If this is a concern, the `f' modifier may be used to truncate file
     names when putting them in the archive.

`i'
     Insert new files _before_ an existing member of the archive.  If
     you use the modifier `i', the name of an existing archive member
     must be present as the RELPOS argument, before the ARCHIVE
     specification.  (same as `b').

`l'
     This modifier is accepted but not used.

`N'
     Uses the COUNT parameter.  This is used if there are multiple
     entries in the archive with the same name.  Extract or delete
     instance COUNT of the given name from the archive.

`o'
     Preserve the _original_ dates of members when extracting them.  If
     you do not specify this modifier, files extracted from the archive
     are stamped with the time of extraction.

`P'
     Use the full path name when matching names in the archive.  GNU
     `ar' can not create an archive with a full path name (such archives
     are not POSIX complaint), but other archive creators can.  This
     option will cause GNU `ar' to match file names using a complete
     path name, which can be convenient when extracting a single file
     from an archive created by another tool.

`s'
     Write an object-file index into the archive, or update an existing
     one, even if no other change is made to the archive.  You may use
     this modifier flag either with any operation, or alone.  Running
     `ar s' on an archive is equivalent to running `ranlib' on it.

`S'
     Do not generate an archive symbol table.  This can speed up
     building a large library in several steps.  The resulting archive
     can not be used with the linker.  In order to build a symbol
     table, you must omit the `S' modifier on the last execution of
     `ar', or you must run `ranlib' on the archive.

`T'
     Make the specified ARCHIVE a _thin_ archive.  If it already exists
     and is a regular archive, the existing members must be present in
     the same directory as ARCHIVE.

`u'
     Normally, `ar r'... inserts all files listed into the archive.  If
     you would like to insert _only_ those of the files you list that
     are newer than existing members of the same names, use this
     modifier.  The `u' modifier is allowed only for the operation `r'
     (replace).  In particular, the combination `qu' is not allowed,
     since checking the timestamps would lose any speed advantage from
     the operation `q'.

`v'
     This modifier requests the _verbose_ version of an operation.  Many
     operations display additional information, such as filenames
     processed, when the modifier `v' is appended.

`V'
     This modifier shows the version number of `ar'.

   `ar' ignores an initial option spelt `-X32_64', for compatibility
with AIX.  The behaviour produced by this option is the default for GNU
`ar'.  `ar' does not support any of the other `-X' options; in
particular, it does not support `-X32' which is the default for AIX
`ar'.

   The optional command line switch `--plugin' NAME causes `ar' to load
the plugin called NAME which adds support for more file formats.  This
option is only available if the toolchain has been built with plugin
support enabled.


File: binutils.info,  Node: ar scripts,  Prev: ar cmdline,  Up: ar

1.2 Controlling `ar' with a Script
==================================

     ar -M [ <SCRIPT ]

   If you use the single command-line option `-M' with `ar', you can
control its operation with a rudimentary command language.  This form
of `ar' operates interactively if standard input is coming directly
from a terminal.  During interactive use, `ar' prompts for input (the
prompt is `AR >'), and continues executing even after errors.  If you
redirect standard input to a script file, no prompts are issued, and
`ar' abandons execution (with a nonzero exit code) on any error.

   The `ar' command language is _not_ designed to be equivalent to the
command-line options; in fact, it provides somewhat less control over
archives.  The only purpose of the command language is to ease the
transition to GNU `ar' for developers who already have scripts written
for the MRI "librarian" program.

   The syntax for the `ar' command language is straightforward:
   * commands are recognized in upper or lower case; for example, `LIST'
     is the same as `list'.  In the following descriptions, commands are
     shown in upper case for clarity.

   * a single command may appear on each line; it is the first word on
     the line.

   * empty lines are allowed, and have no effect.

   * comments are allowed; text after either of the characters `*' or
     `;' is ignored.

   * Whenever you use a list of names as part of the argument to an `ar'
     command, you can separate the individual names with either commas
     or blanks.  Commas are shown in the explanations below, for
     clarity.

   * `+' is used as a line continuation character; if `+' appears at
     the end of a line, the text on the following line is considered
     part of the current command.

   Here are the commands you can use in `ar' scripts, or when using
`ar' interactively.  Three of them have special significance:

   `OPEN' or `CREATE' specify a "current archive", which is a temporary
file required for most of the other commands.

   `SAVE' commits the changes so far specified by the script.  Prior to
`SAVE', commands affect only the temporary copy of the current archive.

`ADDLIB ARCHIVE'
`ADDLIB ARCHIVE (MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE)'
     Add all the contents of ARCHIVE (or, if specified, each named
     MODULE from ARCHIVE) to the current archive.

     Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'.

`ADDMOD MEMBER, MEMBER, ... MEMBER'
     Add each named MEMBER as a module in the current archive.

     Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'.

`CLEAR'
     Discard the contents of the current archive, canceling the effect
     of any operations since the last `SAVE'.  May be executed (with no
     effect) even if  no current archive is specified.

`CREATE ARCHIVE'
     Creates an archive, and makes it the current archive (required for
     many other commands).  The new archive is created with a temporary
     name; it is not actually saved as ARCHIVE until you use `SAVE'.
     You can overwrite existing archives; similarly, the contents of any
     existing file named ARCHIVE will not be destroyed until `SAVE'.

`DELETE MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE'
     Delete each listed MODULE from the current archive; equivalent to
     `ar -d ARCHIVE MODULE ... MODULE'.

     Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'.

`DIRECTORY ARCHIVE (MODULE, ... MODULE)'
`DIRECTORY ARCHIVE (MODULE, ... MODULE) OUTPUTFILE'
     List each named MODULE present in ARCHIVE.  The separate command
     `VERBOSE' specifies the form of the output: when verbose output is
     off, output is like that of `ar -t ARCHIVE MODULE...'.  When
     verbose output is on, the listing is like `ar -tv ARCHIVE
     MODULE...'.

     Output normally goes to the standard output stream; however, if you
     specify OUTPUTFILE as a final argument, `ar' directs the output to
     that file.

`END'
     Exit from `ar', with a `0' exit code to indicate successful
     completion.  This command does not save the output file; if you
     have changed the current archive since the last `SAVE' command,
     those changes are lost.

`EXTRACT MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE'
     Extract each named MODULE from the current archive, writing them
     into the current directory as separate files.  Equivalent to `ar -x
     ARCHIVE MODULE...'.

     Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'.

`LIST'
     Display full contents of the current archive, in "verbose" style
     regardless of the state of `VERBOSE'.  The effect is like `ar tv
     ARCHIVE'.  (This single command is a GNU `ar' enhancement, rather
     than present for MRI compatibility.)

     Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'.

`OPEN ARCHIVE'
     Opens an existing archive for use as the current archive (required
     for many other commands).  Any changes as the result of subsequent
     commands will not actually affect ARCHIVE until you next use
     `SAVE'.

`REPLACE MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE'
     In the current archive, replace each existing MODULE (named in the
     `REPLACE' arguments) from files in the current working directory.
     To execute this command without errors, both the file, and the
     module in the current archive, must exist.

     Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'.

`VERBOSE'
     Toggle an internal flag governing the output from `DIRECTORY'.
     When the flag is on, `DIRECTORY' output matches output from `ar
     -tv '....

`SAVE'
     Commit your changes to the current archive, and actually save it
     as a file with the name specified in the last `CREATE' or `OPEN'
     command.

     Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'.



File: binutils.info,  Node: nm,  Next: objcopy,  Prev: ar,  Up: Top

2 nm
****

     nm [`-a'|`--debug-syms']
        [`-g'|`--extern-only'][`--plugin' NAME]
        [`-B'] [`-C'|`--demangle'[=STYLE]] [`-D'|`--dynamic']
        [`-S'|`--print-size'] [`-s'|`--print-armap']
        [`-A'|`-o'|`--print-file-name'][`--special-syms']
        [`-n'|`-v'|`--numeric-sort'] [`-p'|`--no-sort']
        [`-r'|`--reverse-sort'] [`--size-sort'] [`-u'|`--undefined-only']
        [`-t' RADIX|`--radix='RADIX] [`-P'|`--portability']
        [`--target='BFDNAME] [`-f'FORMAT|`--format='FORMAT]
        [`--defined-only'] [`-l'|`--line-numbers'] [`--no-demangle']
        [`-V'|`--version'] [`-X 32_64'] [`--help']  [OBJFILE...]

   GNU `nm' lists the symbols from object files OBJFILE....  If no
object files are listed as arguments, `nm' assumes the file `a.out'.

   For each symbol, `nm' shows:

   * The symbol value, in the radix selected by options (see below), or
     hexadecimal by default.

   * The symbol type.  At least the following types are used; others
     are, as well, depending on the object file format.  If lowercase,
     the symbol is local; if uppercase, the symbol is global (external).

    `A'
          The symbol's value is absolute, and will not be changed by
          further linking.

    `B'
    `b'
          The symbol is in the uninitialized data section (known as
          BSS).

    `C'
          The symbol is common.  Common symbols are uninitialized data.
          When linking, multiple common symbols may appear with the
          same name.  If the symbol is defined anywhere, the common
          symbols are treated as undefined references.  For more
          details on common symbols, see the discussion of -warn-common
          in *Note Linker options: (ld.info)Options.

    `D'
    `d'
          The symbol is in the initialized data section.

    `G'
    `g'
          The symbol is in an initialized data section for small
          objects.  Some object file formats permit more efficient
          access to small data objects, such as a global int variable
          as opposed to a large global array.

    `i'
          For PE format files this indicates that the symbol is in a
          section specific to the implementation of DLLs.  For ELF
          format files this indicates that the symbol is an indirect
          function.  This is a GNU extension to the standard set of ELF
          symbol types.  It indicates a symbol which if referenced by a
          relocation does not evaluate to its address, but instead must
          be invoked at runtime.  The runtime execution will then
          return the value to be used in the relocation.

    `N'
          The symbol is a debugging symbol.

    `p'
          The symbols is in a stack unwind section.

    `R'
    `r'
          The symbol is in a read only data section.

    `S'
    `s'
          The symbol is in an uninitialized data section for small
          objects.

    `T'
    `t'
          The symbol is in the text (code) section.

    `U'
          The symbol is undefined.

    `u'
          The symbol is a unique global symbol.  This is a GNU
          extension to the standard set of ELF symbol bindings.  For
          such a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the
          entire process there is just one symbol with this name and
          type in use.

    `V'
    `v'
          The symbol is a weak object.  When a weak defined symbol is
          linked with a normal defined symbol, the normal defined
          symbol is used with no error.  When a weak undefined symbol
          is linked and the symbol is not defined, the value of the
          weak symbol becomes zero with no error.  On some systems,
          uppercase indicates that a default value has been specified.

    `W'
    `w'
          The symbol is a weak symbol that has not been specifically
          tagged as a weak object symbol.  When a weak defined symbol
          is linked with a normal defined symbol, the normal defined
          symbol is used with no error.  When a weak undefined symbol
          is linked and the symbol is not defined, the value of the
          symbol is determined in a system-specific manner without
          error.  On some systems, uppercase indicates that a default
          value has been specified.

    `-'
          The symbol is a stabs symbol in an a.out object file.  In
          this case, the next values printed are the stabs other field,
          the stabs desc field, and the stab type.  Stabs symbols are
          used to hold debugging information.  For more information,
          see *Note Stabs: (stabs.info)Top.

    `?'
          The symbol type is unknown, or object file format specific.

   * The symbol name.

   The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent.

`-A'
`-o'
`--print-file-name'
     Precede each symbol by the name of the input file (or archive
     member) in which it was found, rather than identifying the input
     file once only, before all of its symbols.

`-a'
`--debug-syms'
     Display all symbols, even debugger-only symbols; normally these
     are not listed.

`-B'
     The same as `--format=bsd' (for compatibility with the MIPS `nm').

`-C'
`--demangle[=STYLE]'
     Decode ("demangle") low-level symbol names into user-level names.
     Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system,
     this makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have
     different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument
     can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your
     compiler. *Note c++filt::, for more information on demangling.

`--no-demangle'
     Do not demangle low-level symbol names.  This is the default.

`-D'
`--dynamic'
     Display the dynamic symbols rather than the normal symbols.  This
     is only meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of
     shared libraries.

`-f FORMAT'
`--format=FORMAT'
     Use the output format FORMAT, which can be `bsd', `sysv', or
     `posix'.  The default is `bsd'.  Only the first character of
     FORMAT is significant; it can be either upper or lower case.

`-g'
`--extern-only'
     Display only external symbols.

`--plugin NAME'
     Load the plugin called NAME to add support for extra target types.
     This option is only available if the toolchain has been built
     with plugin support enabled.

`-l'
`--line-numbers'
     For each symbol, use debugging information to try to find a
     filename and line number.  For a defined symbol, look for the line
     number of the address of the symbol.  For an undefined symbol,
     look for the line number of a relocation entry which refers to the
     symbol.  If line number information can be found, print it after
     the other symbol information.

`-n'
`-v'
`--numeric-sort'
     Sort symbols numerically by their addresses, rather than
     alphabetically by their names.

`-p'
`--no-sort'
     Do not bother to sort the symbols in any order; print them in the
     order encountered.

`-P'
`--portability'
     Use the POSIX.2 standard output format instead of the default
     format.  Equivalent to `-f posix'.

`-S'
`--print-size'
     Print both value and size of defined symbols for the `bsd' output
     style.  This option has no effect for object formats that do not
     record symbol sizes, unless `--size-sort' is also used in which
     case a calculated size is displayed.

`-s'
`--print-armap'
     When listing symbols from archive members, include the index: a
     mapping (stored in the archive by `ar' or `ranlib') of which
     modules contain definitions for which names.

`-r'
`--reverse-sort'
     Reverse the order of the sort (whether numeric or alphabetic); let
     the last come first.

`--size-sort'
     Sort symbols by size.  The size is computed as the difference
     between the value of the symbol and the value of the symbol with
     the next higher value.  If the `bsd' output format is used the
     size of the symbol is printed, rather than the value, and `-S'
     must be used in order both size and value to be printed.

`--special-syms'
     Display symbols which have a target-specific special meaning.
     These symbols are usually used by the target for some special
     processing and are not normally helpful when included included in
     the normal symbol lists.  For example for ARM targets this option
     would skip the mapping symbols used to mark transitions between
     ARM code, THUMB code and data.

`-t RADIX'
`--radix=RADIX'
     Use RADIX as the radix for printing the symbol values.  It must be
     `d' for decimal, `o' for octal, or `x' for hexadecimal.

`--target=BFDNAME'
     Specify an object code format other than your system's default
     format.  *Note Target Selection::, for more information.

`-u'
`--undefined-only'
     Display only undefined symbols (those external to each object
     file).

`--defined-only'
     Display only defined symbols for each object file.

`-V'
`--version'
     Show the version number of `nm' and exit.

`-X'
     This option is ignored for compatibility with the AIX version of
     `nm'.  It takes one parameter which must be the string `32_64'.
     The default mode of AIX `nm' corresponds to `-X 32', which is not
     supported by GNU `nm'.

`--help'
     Show a summary of the options to `nm' and exit.


File: binutils.info,  Node: objcopy,  Next: objdump,  Prev: nm,  Up: Top

3 objcopy
*********

     objcopy [`-F' BFDNAME|`--target='BFDNAME]
             [`-I' BFDNAME|`--input-target='BFDNAME]
             [`-O' BFDNAME|`--output-target='BFDNAME]
             [`-B' BFDARCH|`--binary-architecture='BFDARCH]
             [`-S'|`--strip-all']
             [`-g'|`--strip-debug']
             [`-K' SYMBOLNAME|`--keep-symbol='SYMBOLNAME]
             [`-N' SYMBOLNAME|`--strip-symbol='SYMBOLNAME]
             [`--strip-unneeded-symbol='SYMBOLNAME]
             [`-G' SYMBOLNAME|`--keep-global-symbol='SYMBOLNAME]
             [`--localize-hidden']
             [`-L' SYMBOLNAME|`--localize-symbol='SYMBOLNAME]
             [`--globalize-symbol='SYMBOLNAME]
             [`-W' SYMBOLNAME|`--weaken-symbol='SYMBOLNAME]
             [`-w'|`--wildcard']
             [`-x'|`--discard-all']
             [`-X'|`--discard-locals']
             [`-b' BYTE|`--byte='BYTE]
             [`-i' [BREADTH]|`--interleave'[=BREADTH]]
             [`--interleave-width='WIDTH]
             [`-j' SECTIONNAME|`--only-section='SECTIONNAME]
             [`-R' SECTIONNAME|`--remove-section='SECTIONNAME]
             [`-p'|`--preserve-dates']
             [`--debugging']
             [`--gap-fill='VAL]
             [`--pad-to='ADDRESS]
             [`--set-start='VAL]
             [`--adjust-start='INCR]
             [`--change-addresses='INCR]
             [`--change-section-address' SECTION{=,+,-}VAL]
             [`--change-section-lma' SECTION{=,+,-}VAL]
             [`--change-section-vma' SECTION{=,+,-}VAL]
             [`--change-warnings'] [`--no-change-warnings']
             [`--set-section-flags' SECTION=FLAGS]
             [`--add-section' SECTIONNAME=FILENAME]
             [`--rename-section' OLDNAME=NEWNAME[,FLAGS]]
             [`--long-section-names' {enable,disable,keep}]
             [`--change-leading-char'] [`--remove-leading-char']
             [`--reverse-bytes='NUM]
             [`--srec-len='IVAL] [`--srec-forceS3']
             [`--redefine-sym' OLD=NEW]
             [`--redefine-syms='FILENAME]
             [`--weaken']
             [`--keep-symbols='FILENAME]
             [`--strip-symbols='FILENAME]
             [`--strip-unneeded-symbols='FILENAME]
             [`--keep-global-symbols='FILENAME]
             [`--localize-symbols='FILENAME]
             [`--globalize-symbols='FILENAME]
             [`--weaken-symbols='FILENAME]
             [`--alt-machine-code='INDEX]
             [`--prefix-symbols='STRING]
             [`--prefix-sections='STRING]
             [`--prefix-alloc-sections='STRING]
             [`--add-gnu-debuglink='PATH-TO-FILE]
             [`--keep-file-symbols']
             [`--only-keep-debug']
             [`--extract-symbol']
             [`--writable-text']
             [`--readonly-text']
             [`--pure']
             [`--impure']
             [`--file-alignment='NUM]
             [`--heap='SIZE]
             [`--image-base='ADDRESS]
             [`--section-alignment='NUM]
             [`--stack='SIZE]
             [`--subsystem='WHICH:MAJOR.MINOR]
             [`--compress-debug-sections']
             [`--decompress-debug-sections']
             [`-v'|`--verbose']
             [`-V'|`--version']
             [`--help'] [`--info']
             INFILE [OUTFILE]

   The GNU `objcopy' utility copies the contents of an object file to
another.  `objcopy' uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the
object files.  It can write the destination object file in a format
different from that of the source object file.  The exact behavior of
`objcopy' is controlled by command-line options.  Note that `objcopy'
should be able to copy a fully linked file between any two formats.
However, copying a relocatable object file between any two formats may
not work as expected.

   `objcopy' creates temporary files to do its translations and deletes
them afterward.  `objcopy' uses BFD to do all its translation work; it
has access to all the formats described in BFD and thus is able to
recognize most formats without being told explicitly.  *Note BFD:
(ld.info)BFD.

   `objcopy' can be used to generate S-records by using an output
target of `srec' (e.g., use `-O srec').

   `objcopy' can be used to generate a raw binary file by using an
output target of `binary' (e.g., use `-O binary').  When `objcopy'
generates a raw binary file, it will essentially produce a memory dump
of the contents of the input object file.  All symbols and relocation
information will be discarded.  The memory dump will start at the load
address of the lowest section copied into the output file.

   When generating an S-record or a raw binary file, it may be helpful
to use `-S' to remove sections containing debugging information.  In
some cases `-R' will be useful to remove sections which contain
information that is not needed by the binary file.

   Note--`objcopy' is not able to change the endianness of its input
files.  If the input format has an endianness (some formats do not),
`objcopy' can only copy the inputs into file formats that have the same
endianness or which have no endianness (e.g., `srec').  (However, see
the `--reverse-bytes' option.)

`INFILE'
`OUTFILE'
     The input and output files, respectively.  If you do not specify
     OUTFILE, `objcopy' creates a temporary file and destructively
     renames the result with the name of INFILE.

`-I BFDNAME'
`--input-target=BFDNAME'
     Consider the source file's object format to be BFDNAME, rather than
     attempting to deduce it.  *Note Target Selection::, for more
     information.

`-O BFDNAME'
`--output-target=BFDNAME'
     Write the output file using the object format BFDNAME.  *Note
     Target Selection::, for more information.

`-F BFDNAME'
`--target=BFDNAME'
     Use BFDNAME as the object format for both the input and the output
     file; i.e., simply transfer data from source to destination with no
     translation.  *Note Target Selection::, for more information.

`-B BFDARCH'
`--binary-architecture=BFDARCH'
     Useful when transforming a architecture-less input file into an
     object file.  In this case the output architecture can be set to
     BFDARCH.  This option will be ignored if the input file has a
     known BFDARCH.  You can access this binary data inside a program
     by referencing the special symbols that are created by the
     conversion process.  These symbols are called
     _binary_OBJFILE_start, _binary_OBJFILE_end and
     _binary_OBJFILE_size.  e.g. you can transform a picture file into
     an object file and then access it in your code using these symbols.

`-j SECTIONNAME'
`--only-section=SECTIONNAME'
     Copy only the named section from the input file to the output file.
     This option may be given more than once.  Note that using this
     option inappropriately may make the output file unusable.

`-R SECTIONNAME'
`--remove-section=SECTIONNAME'
     Remove any section named SECTIONNAME from the output file.  This
     option may be given more than once.  Note that using this option
     inappropriately may make the output file unusable.

`-S'
`--strip-all'
     Do not copy relocation and symbol information from the source file.

`-g'
`--strip-debug'
     Do not copy debugging symbols or sections from the source file.

`--strip-unneeded'
     Strip all symbols that are not needed for relocation processing.

`-K SYMBOLNAME'
`--keep-symbol=SYMBOLNAME'
     When stripping symbols, keep symbol SYMBOLNAME even if it would
     normally be stripped.  This option may be given more than once.

`-N SYMBOLNAME'
`--strip-symbol=SYMBOLNAME'
     Do not copy symbol SYMBOLNAME from the source file.  This option
     may be given more than once.

`--strip-unneeded-symbol=SYMBOLNAME'
     Do not copy symbol SYMBOLNAME from the source file unless it is
     needed by a relocation.  This option may be given more than once.

`-G SYMBOLNAME'
`--keep-global-symbol=SYMBOLNAME'
     Keep only symbol SYMBOLNAME global.  Make all other symbols local
     to the file, so that they are not visible externally.  This option
     may be given more than once.

`--localize-hidden'
     In an ELF object, mark all symbols that have hidden or internal
     visibility as local.  This option applies on top of
     symbol-specific localization options such as `-L'.

`-L SYMBOLNAME'
`--localize-symbol=SYMBOLNAME'
     Make symbol SYMBOLNAME local to the file, so that it is not
     visible externally.  This option may be given more than once.

`-W SYMBOLNAME'
`--weaken-symbol=SYMBOLNAME'
     Make symbol SYMBOLNAME weak. This option may be given more than
     once.

`--globalize-symbol=SYMBOLNAME'
     Give symbol SYMBOLNAME global scoping so that it is visible
     outside of the file in which it is defined.  This option may be
     given more than once.

`-w'
`--wildcard'
     Permit regular expressions in SYMBOLNAMEs used in other command
     line options.  The question mark (?), asterisk (*), backslash (\)
     and square brackets ([]) operators can be used anywhere in the
     symbol name.  If the first character of the symbol name is the
     exclamation point (!) then the sense of the switch is reversed for
     that symbol.  For example:

            -w -W !foo -W fo*

     would cause objcopy to weaken all symbols that start with "fo"
     except for the symbol "foo".

`-x'
`--discard-all'
     Do not copy non-global symbols from the source file.

`-X'
`--discard-locals'
     Do not copy compiler-generated local symbols.  (These usually
     start with `L' or `.'.)

`-b BYTE'
`--byte=BYTE'
     If interleaving has been enabled via the `--interleave' option
     then start the range of bytes to keep at the BYTEth byte.  BYTE
     can be in the range from 0 to BREADTH-1, where BREADTH is the
     value given by the `--interleave' option.

`-i [BREADTH]'
`--interleave[=BREADTH]'
     Only copy a range out of every BREADTH bytes.  (Header data is not
     affected).  Select which byte in the range begins the copy with
     the `--byte' option.  Select the width of the range with the
     `--interleave-width' option.

     This option is useful for creating files to program ROM.  It is
     typically used with an `srec' output target.  Note that `objcopy'
     will complain if you do not specify the `--byte' option as well.

     The default interleave breadth is 4, so with `--byte' set to 0,
     `objcopy' would copy the first byte out of every four bytes from
     the input to the output.

`--interleave-width=WIDTH'
     When used with the `--interleave' option, copy WIDTH bytes at a
     time.  The start of the range of bytes to be copied is set by the
     `--byte' option, and the extent of the range is set with the
     `--interleave' option.

     The default value for this option is 1.  The value of WIDTH plus
     the BYTE value set by the `--byte' option must not exceed the
     interleave breadth set by the `--interleave' option.

     This option can be used to create images for two 16-bit flashes
     interleaved in a 32-bit bus by passing `-b 0 -i 4
     --interleave-width=2' and `-b 2 -i 4 --interleave-width=2' to two
     `objcopy' commands.  If the input was '12345678' then the outputs
     would be '1256' and '3478' respectively.

`-p'
`--preserve-dates'
     Set the access and modification dates of the output file to be the
     same as those of the input file.

`--debugging'
     Convert debugging information, if possible.  This is not the
     default because only certain debugging formats are supported, and
     the conversion process can be time consuming.

`--gap-fill VAL'
     Fill gaps between sections with VAL.  This operation applies to
     the _load address_ (LMA) of the sections.  It is done by increasing
     the size of the section with the lower address, and filling in the
     extra space created with VAL.

`--pad-to ADDRESS'
     Pad the output file up to the load address ADDRESS.  This is done
     by increasing the size of the last section.  The extra space is
     filled in with the value specified by `--gap-fill' (default zero).

`--set-start VAL'
     Set the start address of the new file to VAL.  Not all object file
     formats support setting the start address.

`--change-start INCR'
`--adjust-start INCR'
     Change the start address by adding INCR.  Not all object file
     formats support setting the start address.

`--change-addresses INCR'
`--adjust-vma INCR'
     Change the VMA and LMA addresses of all sections, as well as the
     start address, by adding INCR.  Some object file formats do not
     permit section addresses to be changed arbitrarily.  Note that
     this does not relocate the sections; if the program expects
     sections to be loaded at a certain address, and this option is
     used to change the sections such that they are loaded at a
     different address, the program may fail.

`--change-section-address SECTION{=,+,-}VAL'
`--adjust-section-vma SECTION{=,+,-}VAL'
     Set or change both the VMA address and the LMA address of the named
     SECTION.  If `=' is used, the section address is set to VAL.
     Otherwise, VAL is added to or subtracted from the section address.
     See the comments under `--change-addresses', above. If SECTION
     does not exist in the input file, a warning will be issued, unless
     `--no-change-warnings' is used.

`--change-section-lma SECTION{=,+,-}VAL'
     Set or change the LMA address of the named SECTION.  The LMA
     address is the address where the section will be loaded into
     memory at program load time.  Normally this is the same as the VMA
     address, which is the address of the section at program run time,
     but on some systems, especially those where a program is held in
     ROM, the two can be different.  If `=' is used, the section
     address is set to VAL.  Otherwise, VAL is added to or subtracted
     from the section address.  See the comments under
     `--change-addresses', above.  If SECTION does not exist in the
     input file, a warning will be issued, unless
     `--no-change-warnings' is used.

`--change-section-vma SECTION{=,+,-}VAL'
     Set or change the VMA address of the named SECTION.  The VMA
     address is the address where the section will be located once the
     program has started executing.  Normally this is the same as the
     LMA address, which is the address where the section will be loaded
     into memory, but on some systems, especially those where a program
     is held in ROM, the two can be different.  If `=' is used, the
     section address is set to VAL.  Otherwise, VAL is added to or
     subtracted from the section address.  See the comments under
     `--change-addresses', above.  If SECTION does not exist in the
     input file, a warning will be issued, unless
     `--no-change-warnings' is used.

`--change-warnings'
`--adjust-warnings'
     If `--change-section-address' or `--change-section-lma' or
     `--change-section-vma' is used, and the named section does not
     exist, issue a warning.  This is the default.

`--no-change-warnings'
`--no-adjust-warnings'
     Do not issue a warning if `--change-section-address' or
     `--adjust-section-lma' or `--adjust-section-vma' is used, even if
     the named section does not exist.

`--set-section-flags SECTION=FLAGS'
     Set the flags for the named section.  The FLAGS argument is a
     comma separated string of flag names.  The recognized names are
     `alloc', `contents', `load', `noload', `readonly', `code', `data',
     `rom', `share', and `debug'.  You can set the `contents' flag for
     a section which does not have contents, but it is not meaningful
     to clear the `contents' flag of a section which does have
     contents-just remove the section instead.  Not all flags are
     meaningful for all object file formats.

`--add-section SECTIONNAME=FILENAME'
     Add a new section named SECTIONNAME while copying the file.  The
     contents of the new section are taken from the file FILENAME.  The
     size of the section will be the size of the file.  This option only
     works on file formats which can support sections with arbitrary
     names.

`--rename-section OLDNAME=NEWNAME[,FLAGS]'
     Rename a section from OLDNAME to NEWNAME, optionally changing the
     section's flags to FLAGS in the process.  This has the advantage
     over usng a linker script to perform the rename in that the output
     stays as an object file and does not become a linked executable.

     This option is particularly helpful when the input format is
     binary, since this will always create a section called .data.  If
     for example, you wanted instead to create a section called .rodata
     containing binary data you could use the following command line to
     achieve it:

            objcopy -I binary -O <output_format> -B <architecture> \
             --rename-section .data=.rodata,alloc,load,readonly,data,contents \
             <input_binary_file> <output_object_file>

`--long-section-names {enable,disable,keep}'
     Controls the handling of long section names when processing `COFF'
     and `PE-COFF' object formats.  The default behaviour, `keep', is
     to preserve long section names if any are present in the input
     file.  The `enable' and `disable' options forcibly enable or
     disable the use of long section names in the output object; when
     `disable' is in effect, any long section names in the input object
     will be truncated.  The `enable' option will only emit long
     section names if any are present in the inputs; this is mostly the
     same as `keep', but it is left undefined whether the `enable'
     option might force the creation of an empty string table in the
     output file.

`--change-leading-char'
     Some object file formats use special characters at the start of
     symbols.  The most common such character is underscore, which
     compilers often add before every symbol.  This option tells
     `objcopy' to change the leading character of every symbol when it
     converts between object file formats.  If the object file formats
     use the same leading character, this option has no effect.
     Otherwise, it will add a character, or remove a character, or
     change a character, as appropriate.

`--remove-leading-char'
     If the first character of a global symbol is a special symbol
     leading character used by the object file format, remove the
     character.  The most common symbol leading character is
     underscore.  This option will remove a leading underscore from all
     global symbols.  This can be useful if you want to link together
     objects of different file formats with different conventions for
     symbol names.  This is different from `--change-leading-char'
     because it always changes the symbol name when appropriate,
     regardless of the object file format of the output file.

`--reverse-bytes=NUM'
     Reverse the bytes in a section with output contents.  A section
     length must be evenly divisible by the value given in order for
     the swap to be able to take place. Reversing takes place before
     the interleaving is performed.

     This option is used typically in generating ROM images for
     problematic target systems.  For example, on some target boards,
     the 32-bit words fetched from 8-bit ROMs are re-assembled in
     little-endian byte order regardless of the CPU byte order.
     Depending on the programming model, the endianness of the ROM may
     need to be modified.

     Consider a simple file with a section containing the following
     eight bytes:  `12345678'.

     Using `--reverse-bytes=2' for the above example, the bytes in the
     output file would be ordered `21436587'.

     Using `--reverse-bytes=4' for the above example, the bytes in the
     output file would be ordered `43218765'.

     By using `--reverse-bytes=2' for the above example, followed by
     `--reverse-bytes=4' on the output file, the bytes in the second
     output file would be ordered `34127856'.

`--srec-len=IVAL'
     Meaningful only for srec output.  Set the maximum length of the
     Srecords being produced to IVAL.  This length covers both address,
     data and crc fields.

`--srec-forceS3'
     Meaningful only for srec output.  Avoid generation of S1/S2
     records, creating S3-only record format.

`--redefine-sym OLD=NEW'
     Change the name of a symbol OLD, to NEW.  This can be useful when
     one is trying link two things together for which you have no
     source, and there are name collisions.

`--redefine-syms=FILENAME'
     Apply `--redefine-sym' to each symbol pair "OLD NEW" listed in the
     file FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol
     pair per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash
     character.  This option may be given more than once.

`--weaken'
     Change all global symbols in the file to be weak.  This can be
     useful when building an object which will be linked against other
     objects using the `-R' option to the linker.  This option is only
     effective when using an object file format which supports weak
     symbols.

`--keep-symbols=FILENAME'
     Apply `--keep-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file
     FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name
     per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.
     This option may be given more than once.

`--strip-symbols=FILENAME'
     Apply `--strip-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file
     FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name
     per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.
     This option may be given more than once.

`--strip-unneeded-symbols=FILENAME'
     Apply `--strip-unneeded-symbol' option to each symbol listed in
     the file FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one
     symbol name per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash
     character.  This option may be given more than once.

`--keep-global-symbols=FILENAME'
     Apply `--keep-global-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the
     file FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol
     name per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash
     character.  This option may be given more than once.

`--localize-symbols=FILENAME'
     Apply `--localize-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file
     FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name
     per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.
     This option may be given more than once.

`--globalize-symbols=FILENAME'
     Apply `--globalize-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file
     FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name
     per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.
     This option may be given more than once.

`--weaken-symbols=FILENAME'
     Apply `--weaken-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file
     FILENAME.  FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name
     per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.
     This option may be given more than once.

`--alt-machine-code=INDEX'
     If the output architecture has alternate machine codes, use the
     INDEXth code instead of the default one.  This is useful in case a
     machine is assigned an official code and the tool-chain adopts the
     new code, but other applications still depend on the original code
     being used.  For ELF based architectures if the INDEX alternative
     does not exist then the value is treated as an absolute number to
     be stored in the e_machine field of the ELF header.

`--writable-text'
     Mark the output text as writable.  This option isn't meaningful
     for all object file formats.

`--readonly-text'
     Make the output text write protected.  This option isn't
     meaningful for all object file formats.

`--pure'
     Mark the output file as demand paged.  This option isn't
     meaningful for all object file formats.

`--impure'
     Mark the output file as impure.  This option isn't meaningful for
     all object file formats.

`--prefix-symbols=STRING'
     Prefix all symbols in the output file with STRING.

`--prefix-sections=STRING'
     Prefix all section names in the output file with STRING.

`--prefix-alloc-sections=STRING'
     Prefix all the names of all allocated sections in the output file
     with STRING.

`--add-gnu-debuglink=PATH-TO-FILE'
     Creates a .gnu_debuglink section which contains a reference to
     PATH-TO-FILE and adds it to the output file.

`--keep-file-symbols'
     When stripping a file, perhaps with `--strip-debug' or
     `--strip-unneeded', retain any symbols specifying source file
     names, which would otherwise get stripped.

`--only-keep-debug'
     Strip a file, removing contents of any sections that would not be
     stripped by `--strip-debug' and leaving the debugging sections
     intact.  In ELF files, this preserves all note sections in the
     output.

     The intention is that this option will be used in conjunction with
     `--add-gnu-debuglink' to create a two part executable.  One a
     stripped binary which will occupy less space in RAM and in a
     distribution and the second a debugging information file which is
     only needed if debugging abilities are required.  The suggested
     procedure to create these files is as follows:

       1. Link the executable as normal.  Assuming that is is called
          `foo' then...

       2. Run `objcopy --only-keep-debug foo foo.dbg' to create a file
          containing the debugging info.

       3. Run `objcopy --strip-debug foo' to create a stripped
          executable.

       4. Run `objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.dbg foo' to add a link
          to the debugging info into the stripped executable.

     Note--the choice of `.dbg' as an extension for the debug info file
     is arbitrary.  Also the `--only-keep-debug' step is optional.  You
     could instead do this:

       1. Link the executable as normal.

       2. Copy `foo' to  `foo.full'

       3. Run `objcopy --strip-debug foo'

       4. Run `objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.full foo'

     i.e., the file pointed to by the `--add-gnu-debuglink' can be the
     full executable.  It does not have to be a file created by the
     `--only-keep-debug' switch.

     Note--this switch is only intended for use on fully linked files.
     It does not make sense to use it on object files where the
     debugging information may be incomplete.  Besides the
     gnu_debuglink feature currently only supports the presence of one
     filename containing debugging information, not multiple filenames
     on a one-per-object-file basis.

`--file-alignment NUM'
     Specify the file alignment.  Sections in the file will always
     begin at file offsets which are multiples of this number.  This
     defaults to 512.  [This option is specific to PE targets.]

`--heap RESERVE'
`--heap RESERVE,COMMIT'
     Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally
     commit) to be used as heap for this program.  [This option is
     specific to PE targets.]

`--image-base VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the base address of your program or dll.  This is the
     lowest memory location that will be used when your program or dll
     is loaded.  To reduce the need to relocate and improve performance
     of your dlls, each should have a unique base address and not
     overlap any other dlls.  The default is 0x400000 for executables,
     and 0x10000000 for dlls.  [This option is specific to PE targets.]

`--section-alignment NUM'
     Sets the section alignment.  Sections in memory will always begin
     at addresses which are a multiple of this number.  Defaults to
     0x1000.  [This option is specific to PE targets.]

`--stack RESERVE'
`--stack RESERVE,COMMIT'
     Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally
     commit) to be used as stack for this program.  [This option is
     specific to PE targets.]

`--subsystem WHICH'
`--subsystem WHICH:MAJOR'
`--subsystem WHICH:MAJOR.MINOR'
     Specifies the subsystem under which your program will execute.  The
     legal values for WHICH are `native', `windows', `console',
     `posix', `efi-app', `efi-bsd', `efi-rtd', `sal-rtd', and `xbox'.
     You may optionally set the subsystem version also.  Numeric values
     are also accepted for WHICH.  [This option is specific to PE
     targets.]

`--extract-symbol'
     Keep the file's section flags and symbols but remove all section
     data.  Specifically, the option:

        * removes the contents of all sections;

        * sets the size of every section to zero; and

        * sets the file's start address to zero.

     This option is used to build a `.sym' file for a VxWorks kernel.
     It can also be a useful way of reducing the size of a
     `--just-symbols' linker input file.

`--compress-debug-sections'
     Compress DWARF debug sections using zlib.

`--decompress-debug-sections'
     Decompress DWARF debug sections using zlib.

`-V'
`--version'
     Show the version number of `objcopy'.

`-v'
`--verbose'
     Verbose output: list all object files modified.  In the case of
     archives, `objcopy -V' lists all members of the archive.

`--help'
     Show a summary of the options to `objcopy'.

`--info'
     Display a list showing all architectures and object formats
     available.


File: binutils.info,  Node: objdump,  Next: ranlib,  Prev: objcopy,  Up: Top

4 objdump
*********

     objdump [`-a'|`--archive-headers']
             [`-b' BFDNAME|`--target=BFDNAME']
             [`-C'|`--demangle'[=STYLE] ]
             [`-d'|`--disassemble']
             [`-D'|`--disassemble-all']
             [`-z'|`--disassemble-zeroes']
             [`-EB'|`-EL'|`--endian='{big | little }]
             [`-f'|`--file-headers']
             [`-F'|`--file-offsets']
             [`--file-start-context']
             [`-g'|`--debugging']
             [`-e'|`--debugging-tags']
             [`-h'|`--section-headers'|`--headers']
             [`-i'|`--info']
             [`-j' SECTION|`--section='SECTION]
             [`-l'|`--line-numbers']
             [`-S'|`--source']
             [`-m' MACHINE|`--architecture='MACHINE]
             [`-M' OPTIONS|`--disassembler-options='OPTIONS]
             [`-p'|`--private-headers']
             [`-r'|`--reloc']
             [`-R'|`--dynamic-reloc']
             [`-s'|`--full-contents']
             [`-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]'|
              `--dwarf'[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges]]
             [`-G'|`--stabs']
             [`-t'|`--syms']
             [`-T'|`--dynamic-syms']
             [`-x'|`--all-headers']
             [`-w'|`--wide']
             [`--start-address='ADDRESS]
             [`--stop-address='ADDRESS]
             [`--prefix-addresses']
             [`--[no-]show-raw-insn']
             [`--adjust-vma='OFFSET]
             [`--special-syms']
             [`--prefix='PREFIX]
             [`--prefix-strip='LEVEL]
             [`--insn-width='WIDTH]
             [`-V'|`--version']
             [`-H'|`--help']
             OBJFILE...

   `objdump' displays information about one or more object files.  The
options control what particular information to display.  This
information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the
compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their
program to compile and work.

   OBJFILE... are the object files to be examined.  When you specify
archives, `objdump' shows information on each of the member object
files.

   The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent.  At least one option from the list
`-a,-d,-D,-e,-f,-g,-G,-h,-H,-p,-r,-R,-s,-S,-t,-T,-V,-x' must be given.

`-a'
`--archive-header'
     If any of the OBJFILE files are archives, display the archive
     header information (in a format similar to `ls -l').  Besides the
     information you could list with `ar tv', `objdump -a' shows the
     object file format of each archive member.

`--adjust-vma=OFFSET'
     When dumping information, first add OFFSET to all the section
     addresses.  This is useful if the section addresses do not
     correspond to the symbol table, which can happen when putting
     sections at particular addresses when using a format which can not
     represent section addresses, such as a.out.

`-b BFDNAME'
`--target=BFDNAME'
     Specify that the object-code format for the object files is
     BFDNAME.  This option may not be necessary; OBJDUMP can
     automatically recognize many formats.

     For example,
          objdump -b oasys -m vax -h fu.o
     displays summary information from the section headers (`-h') of
     `fu.o', which is explicitly identified (`-m') as a VAX object file
     in the format produced by Oasys compilers.  You can list the
     formats available with the `-i' option.  *Note Target Selection::,
     for more information.

`-C'
`--demangle[=STYLE]'
     Decode ("demangle") low-level symbol names into user-level names.
     Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system,
     this makes C++ function names readable.  Different compilers have
     different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument
     can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your
     compiler. *Note c++filt::, for more information on demangling.

`-g'
`--debugging'
     Display debugging information.  This attempts to parse STABS and
     IEEE debugging format information stored in the file and print it
     out using a C like syntax.  If neither of these formats are found
     this option falls back on the `-W' option to print any DWARF
     information in the file.

`-e'
`--debugging-tags'
     Like `-g', but the information is generated in a format compatible
     with ctags tool.

`-d'
`--disassemble'
     Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from
     OBJFILE.  This option only disassembles those sections which are
     expected to contain instructions.

`-D'
`--disassemble-all'
     Like `-d', but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just
     those expected to contain instructions.

     If the target is an ARM architecture this switch also has the
     effect of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found
     in code sections as if they were instructions.

`--prefix-addresses'
     When disassembling, print the complete address on each line.  This
     is the older disassembly format.

`-EB'
`-EL'
`--endian={big|little}'
     Specify the endianness of the object files.  This only affects
     disassembly.  This can be useful when disassembling a file format
     which does not describe endianness information, such as S-records.

`-f'
`--file-headers'
     Display summary information from the overall header of each of the
     OBJFILE files.

`-F'
`--file-offsets'
     When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also
     display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be
     dumped.  If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly
     resumes, tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file
     offset of the location from where the disassembly resumes.  When
     dumping sections, display the file offset of the location from
     where the dump starts.

`--file-start-context'
     Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly
     (assumes `-S') from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend
     the context to the start of the file.

`-h'
`--section-headers'
`--headers'
     Display summary information from the section headers of the object
     file.

     File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for
     example by using the `-Ttext', `-Tdata', or `-Tbss' options to
     `ld'.  However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not
     store the starting address of the file segments.  In those
     situations, although `ld' relocates the sections correctly, using
     `objdump -h' to list the file section headers cannot show the
     correct addresses.  Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which
     are implicit for the target.

`-H'
`--help'
     Print a summary of the options to `objdump' and exit.

`-i'
`--info'
     Display a list showing all architectures and object formats
     available for specification with `-b' or `-m'.

`-j NAME'
`--section=NAME'
     Display information only for section NAME.

`-l'
`--line-numbers'
     Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename
     and source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs
     shown.  Only useful with `-d', `-D', or `-r'.

`-m MACHINE'
`--architecture=MACHINE'
     Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files.
     This can be useful when disassembling object files which do not
     describe architecture information, such as S-records.  You can
     list the available architectures with the `-i' option.

     If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch has an
     additional effect.  It restricts the disassembly to only those
     instructions supported by the architecture specified by MACHINE.
     If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does
     not contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to
     disassemble all the instructions use `-marm'.

`-M OPTIONS'
`--disassembler-options=OPTIONS'
     Pass target specific information to the disassembler.  Only
     supported on some targets.  If it is necessary to specify more
     than one disassembler option then multiple `-M' options can be
     used or can be placed together into a comma separated list.

     If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch can be used
     to select which register name set is used during disassembler.
     Specifying `-M reg-names-std' (the default) will select the
     register names as used in ARM's instruction set documentation, but
     with register 13 called 'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register
     15 called 'pc'.  Specifying `-M reg-names-apcs' will select the
     name set used by the ARM Procedure Call Standard, whilst
     specifying `-M reg-names-raw' will just use `r' followed by the
     register number.

     There are also two variants on the APCS register naming scheme
     enabled by `-M reg-names-atpcs' and `-M reg-names-special-atpcs'
     which use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming
     conventions.  (Either with the normal register names or the
     special register names).

     This option can also be used for ARM architectures to force the
     disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by
     using the switch `--disassembler-options=force-thumb'.  This can be
     useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other
     compilers.

     For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the `-m'
     switch, but allow finer grained control.  Multiple selections from
     the following may be specified as a comma separated string.
     `x86-64', `i386' and `i8086' select disassembly for the given
     architecture.  `intel' and `att' select between intel syntax mode
     and AT&T syntax mode.  `intel-mnemonic' and `att-mnemonic' select
     between intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic mode.
     `intel-mnemonic' implies `intel' and `att-mnemonic' implies `att'.
     `addr64', `addr32', `addr16', `data32' and `data16' specify the
     default address size and operand size.  These four options will be
     overridden if `x86-64', `i386' or `i8086' appear later in the
     option string.  Lastly, `suffix', when in AT&T mode, instructs the
     disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the suffix could
     be inferred by the operands.

     For PowerPC, `booke' controls the disassembly of BookE
     instructions.  `32' and `64' select PowerPC and PowerPC64
     disassembly, respectively.  `e300' selects disassembly for the
     e300 family.  `440' selects disassembly for the PowerPC 440.
     `ppcps' selects disassembly for the paired single instructions of
     the PPC750CL.

     For MIPS, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic
     names and register names in disassembled instructions.  Multiple
     selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated
     string, and invalid options are ignored:

    `no-aliases'
          Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo
          instruction mnemonic.  I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of
          'move', 'sll' instead of 'nop', etc.

    `gpr-names=ABI'
          Print GPR (general-purpose register) names as appropriate for
          the specified ABI.  By default, GPR names are selected
          according to the ABI of the binary being disassembled.

    `fpr-names=ABI'
          Print FPR (floating-point register) names as appropriate for
          the specified ABI.  By default, FPR numbers are printed
          rather than names.

    `cp0-names=ARCH'
          Print CP0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0)
          register names as appropriate for the CPU or architecture
          specified by ARCH.  By default, CP0 register names are
          selected according to the architecture and CPU of the binary
          being disassembled.

    `hwr-names=ARCH'
          Prin